Given a function whose graph is {(1,7),(2,5),(3,3),(4,3),(5,2),(6,4),(7,6),(8,5),(9,7),(10,6),(11,6)}, append an apostrophe to the abscissas so that they will not be confused with ordinates when obtaining their disjoint union, which is: {2,3,4,5,6,7,1′,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′,7′,8′,9′,10′,11′}. The cograph then is {{7,1′,9′},{6,7′,10′,11′},{5,2′,8′},{4,6′},{3,3′,4′},{2,5′}}.
cogroup cotree graphex coclique comdag graph antihole cogebra coaction graphon graphette
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